Ajanta caves
- September 15, 2020 07:09:48 PM
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Ajanta caves
MapofAjantaCaves
TheAjantaCavesaregenerallyagreedtohavebeenmadeintwodistinctphases,thefirstduringthe2ndcenturyBCEto1stcenturyCE,andasecondseveralcenturieslater.[22][23][24]
Thecavesconsistof36identifiablefoundations,[9]someofthemdiscoveredaftertheoriginalnumberingofthecavesfrom1through29.Thelater-identifiedcaveshavebeensuffixedwiththelettersofthealphabet,suchas15A,identifiedbetweenoriginallynumberedcaves15and16.[25]Thecavenumberingisaconventionofconvenience,anddoesnotreflectthechronologicalorderoftheirconstruction.[26]
Cavesofthefirst(Satavahana)period Edit
Cave9,afirst-periodHinayana-stylechaityaworshiphallwithstupabutnoidols
Theearliestgroupconsistsofcaves9,10,12,13and15A.ThemuralsinthesecavesdepictstoriesfromtheJatakas.[26]LatercavesreflecttheartisticinfluenceoftheGuptaperiod,[26]buttherearedifferingopinionsonwhichcenturyinwhichtheearlycaveswerebuilt.[27][28]AccordingtoWalterSpink,theyweremadeduringtheperiod100BCEto100CE,probablyunderthepatronageoftheHinduSatavahanadynasty(230BCE–c.220CE)whoruledtheregion.[29][30]OtherdatingsprefertheperiodoftheMauryaEmpire(300BCEto100BCE).[31]Ofthese,caves9and10arestupacontainingworshiphallsofchaitya-grihaform,andcaves12,13,and15Aarevihāras(seethearchitecturesectionbelowfordescriptionsofthesetypes).[25]ThefirstSatavahanaperiodcaveslackedfigurativesculpture,emphasizingthestupainstead.
AccordingtoSpink,oncetheSatavahanaperiodcavesweremade,thesitewasnotfurtherdevelopedforaconsiderableperioduntilthemid-5thcentury.[32]However,theearlycaveswereinuseduringthisdormantperiod,andBuddhistpilgrimsvisitedthesite,accordingtotherecordsleftbyChinesepilgrimFaxianaround400CE.[25]
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